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At one point, many years ago, I planted ‘woolly pod vetch’ as living mulch/nitrogen fixer. I had been alerted to this species as for reclamation of extremely poor soils, in harsh climates. This was the opposite of my conditions, but, it interested me. My regret was almost immediate. Still sticks in my neck that I actually paid for these seed, too. It appears to be quite delicate, 3 or 4 spatulate leaves in rosettes along the stem. Every single part of this plant is covered in tiny hairs with the same, if not superior, properties of velcro. This characteristic allows it to reach the sun from even the most inaccessible places. By no means a twining climber, this brute can climb rocks. Having reached open space is when things start to go awry. Almost immediately it flowers, then produces seeds at an unseemly speed, at every leaf joint (anywhere from every inch to every foot). From this point on the growth rate accelerates at an alarming rate and will smother anything and everything it comes in contact with. Some lateral shoots can reach extraordinary lengths – 10m given the right conditions, all the time producing copious quantities of seed along its entire length. Whilst it is still growing the seeds are fairly stable, provided nothing comes into contact with them, to which they immediately adhere themselves (for that matter, so will any other part of the plant). The seeds, or ‘pills’ look like tiny brown tennis balls, they form in pairs – and look remarkably familiar. The plant is quite easy to pull and readily breaks, but there is no escaping getting covered in it, especially the seeds. Once the plant dries, either through breakage, or at the end of the season, it looses the velcro-like hairs and the seeds now acquire all the attributes of ball bearings – any disturbance causes the seeds to disperse. If they hit a hard surface the ball bearing similarity comes into play and they can be dangerous to walk on. My big problem was that I lived in a semi-tropical area. Rich soil. Lots of rain. Indeed, I made the classic ‘new settler’ blunder. I did manage to get rid of it – took me 12 years. I doubt I managed to eradicate it though, the seeds, when dry, are hard as steel – therefore, the possibility of not all seed having germinated over twelve years, are legion. Woolly pod vetch will germinate and grow in full sun, or complete shade – it is indeed a primary reclamation species. I would suggest collecting the entire world’s supply of seed and sending it to the moon.

For mineral utilization AND nitrogen fixation, one just cannot go past lucerne. This legume has extraordinarily deep roots and brings up a lot of trace elements. I mainly use lucerne in the walkways, as a good way to utilize what is basically fallow soil. I cut it from an early stage, just as flowers form, and continue to do so from then on. Being penultimate to flowering, then being denied the chance, forces the plant to become biennial. This then affords an in-situ supply of nitrogenous mulch for the beds. Lucerne, being attractive to aphis, acts as a food source for ladybirds, also as a shelter belt for beneficial insects. I have tried using clover as a living mulch, nitrogen fixer, but found it to be far too invasive, to the point of rapaciousness as it practically took over the garden. The old adage ” One year’s seeding, seven years weeding” holds well for the variety of clover I chose (Subterranean clover). This stuff actually buried its own seed! I kid you not – I have actually witnessed the process. Peanuts, also a legume (viable seed readily available at the supermarket as ‘raw peanuts’), will grow with anything – then probably smother it. This is a peculiar member of the legume family for the fact that the seeds are produced underground. Not all that dissimilar to subterranean clover, by the fact that it, too buries its own seed, the nuts. The plants grow to about the size of a basketball, I have found it to be too competitive for space, to be planted in close proximity to most small-crops. However, it does relatively well with quick growing, robust plants like corn, daikon and artichokes, both globe and jerusalem. Highly susceptible to white-fly, I have had a disastrous attempt at growing it with tobacco, also a white-fly favorite. In order to produce more nuts, the plants are traditionally ‘hilled’ to assist with the seed burying process. I have found that, not hilling them, but using them as a ‘cut-and-come-again’ supply of readily available mulch material, keeps them manageable in a vegetable garden. I have found an enormous amount of benefit, and amusement, from growing them in poultry forage yards. Chooks aren’t all that interested in the growing plant, other then an excellent place to have a dust bath under – and can at times kill the plant. However, once the plant is pulled at harvest, poultry can be kept amused all day long, scratching for the pods, then trying to extract the nut.

Except for nitrogen fixation, with very few exceptions, are the best beans and indeed all the legumes. Beans, in particular, is compatible with most systems, even if the Allium family is very contradictory. Try it out. Bean plants in addition to garlic – and sulk, they look. In the family of legumes, beans and broad beans which has probably the best I've ever seen the suppliers of nitrogen. There are some periods the growth of plants, which not only sees the production of nitrogen, but are actually able to be evaluated. When considering the use of nitrogen-containing plants as companions, vegetables, must be a decision whether or not the bean is only for nitrogen levels, or if the return is anticipated products produced. I always thought that all the products of a bonus, but never really a general result of the processing of vegetables are expected to receive. It means that if I use the vegetables as plants from nurseries and shelter for a different culture, from how to extract the beans are reduced to two thirds its size. Circumcision part of the existing mulch. A party who considers manageable and avoid competition with the major crops, causing the plants have shed their nitrogen, sometimes produce remarkable results. For use and nitrogen fixation mineral, you can not simply pass Lucerne. This legume has very deep roots and brings a lot of trace elements. I use mainly Lucerne sidewalks, use it as a good way, which basically wasteland. I cut them from an early stage are like flowers, and continue to do from now on. As the penultimate of the flower, will be denied the opportunity to force the plant every two years. It thus provides a supply of nitrogen in-situ mulch for the beds. Lucerne, their attraction to aphids, serves as a food source for ladybugs, also called a belt of protection for beneficial insects. I tried, found with clover as a living mulch, nitrogen fixers, but is too invasive to the point of greed, and practically taken over the garden.